In this Article, We would like to study about National Hindi Divas.Hindi Diwas is celebrated every year on 14 September to commemorate the declaration of Hindi as the official language of India on 14 September 1949.
Although many things separate humans from animals, language is one of the most important factors among them. The development of language is directly related to the development of the human race. Language is a powerful medium to express human internal emotions, thoughts, ideas, etc. Language is the most important and simple means of connecting people to each other.
India is a country where many languages are spoken. There is a very famous quote in India that the taste of water changes every 1.5 km and the language changes every 6.5 km. India is so full of diversity that if you go from one place to another, you will find a lot of differences in the way of living, the taste of water, and the language of the people. Although many languages are spoken in India, which are difficult to count the Constitution of India has given constitutional status to 22 languages, which include Sanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, etc., and Hindi is recognized as the official language of the Government of India.
The most spoken languages in India and the percentage of people are given in the below
Hindi Diwas table below :01
| S.N | Language | State | Percentage of people who speak this language in India |
| 1. | Hindi | almost all over India | 43.63% |
| 2. | Bengali | West Bengal | 8.03% |
| 3. | Marathi | Maharashtra | 6.86% |
| 4. | Telugu | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana | 6.7% |
| 5. | Tamil | Tamil Nadu | 5.7% |
| 6. | Gujarati | Gujarat | 4.58% |
| 7. | Urdu | Northern India | 4.19% |
| 8. | Kannada | Karnataka | 3.61% |
| 9. | Orriya | Odisha | 3.1% |
| 10. | Malayalam | Kerala | 2.88% |
| 11. | Punjabi | Punjab | 2.74% |
| 12. | Asamiya | Assam | 1.26% |
Hindi Diwas
Since Hindi is spoken in most areas of India, Hindi has declared the official language of India on September 14, 1949.
- The Constituent Assembly also declared English as the official language of India along with Hindi for the next 15 years and it was decided that after 15 years, the Parliament of India will decide whether English should be kept as the official language of India or not.
- Ram Manoj Lohia’s English Hatao andolan tried hard to remove English from the official language of India, but the anti-Hindi voice rising from South India forced the Government of India to accept English as the official language as well. As a result, today English has become a dominating language of the whole of India.
- Ram Manohar Lohia had called a very famous quote during the “English Hatao movement”, which I would like to highlight here.
- “English should be abolished. I want that the public use of English should be stopped, without the folk language, the people’s state is impossible.
- Whatever may happen, English must be removed, it is not a question of which language comes in its place.
- At this time the question remains that English should end and other languages of the country should come in its place.
- Do whatever comes to your mind with Hindi and any other language, but English must be removed and that too soon. If the British go, English should also be abolished”.
- Ram Manohar Lohia’s “English Hatao movement” was seen by the people of South India as Bring Hindi movement, although Lohia ji tried to explain a lot to the people that removing English does not mean bringing Hindi at all, in the whole of India on this matter Consensus could not be reached and the eventual movement was failed.
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Hindi Diwas Importance
- According to Census 2011, Hindi is the most spoken language in India; about 43.63 percent of people in India speak and understand Hindi. Along with Hindi, English is also included as the official language of India but currently, English is being used more than Hindi in government offices.
- Gandhi ji had once said that Hindi is the only language that can connect the people of India economically, socially, and politically but at present the prevalence of English has become a threat to the existence of Hindi.
- Excessive use of English words in Hindi speech is making Hindi words extinct. People are now shying away from using Hindi words and seeing it associating them with their self-esteem.
- Excessive use of English medium in schools and colleges can make the Hindi language completely extinct from the coming generation, so the government also needs to work in this direction.
- The Government of India has discussed the language medium of education in the new education policy 2020 and it has been especially emphasized that primary education should be in the form of the mother tongue.
- This step of the government is highly commendable and praiseworthy but it is not enough because even now in government offices, in courts, and in jobs, English is working as a compulsory language.
World Hindi Day
Around 26 crore people all over the world are able to speak and understand Hindi. World Hindi Day is celebrated on 10th January for the promotion of the Hindi language and awareness of Hindi all over the world.
The first World Hindi Day was celebrated on 10 January 2006, and since then every year World Hindi Day is celebrated on 10th January.
Hindi Diwas table below :02
| S.N | Questions | Answer |
| 1. | When was the first edition of World Hindi Day celebrated? | 2006 |
| 2. | When and where was the first World Hindi Conference held? | 1975 & Nagpur |
| 3. | When and where was the Second World Hindi Conference held? | 1976 & Port Louis(Mauritius) |
| 4. | When and where was the third World Hindi Conference held? | 1983 &New Delhi |
| 5. | When and where was the fourth World Hindi Conference held? | 1993 & Port Louis (Mauritius) |
| 6. | When and where was the fifth World Hindi Conference held? | 1996 & Spain |
| 7. | When and where was the 6th World Hindi Conference held? | 1999 & London |
| 8. | When and where was the 7th World Hindi Conference held? | 2003& Suriname |
| 9. | When and where was the 8th World Hindi Conference held? | 2007 & US |
| 10. | When and where was the 9th World Hindi Conference held? | 2012 & South Africa |
| 11. | When and where was the 10th World Hindi Conference held? | 2015& Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India |
| 12. | When and where was the 11th World Hindi Conference held? | 2018 & Port Louis |
| 13. | When and where was the 12th World Hindi Conference held? | 2023 & Fiji |
| 14. | The theme of the World Hindi Conference 2023 | From traditional knowledge to Artificial Intelligence |
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Fiji and Hindi connection
About 40 percent of people in Fiji use the Hindi language, so the question is why the Hindi language, which originated and developed mainly in India is spoken to be on such a large scale in a country like Fiji, which is thousands of kilometers away from India . “how did Hindi become so popular in Fiji”?
Its answer is hidden in the history of bonded labor. (What is bonded labor? Those people who could not repay the loan instead used to work at the moneylender’s place. The lenders used to treat them very inhumanely. Sometimes by charging interest on the principal amount was increased so much that many generations of borrowers were unable to pay it by working as wages.).
Bonded labor was an inhumane act that was opposed by many thinkers of that time, under whose pressure British, French, and Portuguese kings banned it. But with the end of this evil practice, another evil practice was born and its name was indentured labor.(What is indentured labor? Indentured labor was a trick created by the British government, it was slavery recognized by the government in which the people of India were forced to work in foreign countries by thumb impression on government papers, these people were called Girmitiya .)
The bonded laborers could be freed only when they became debt-free, but girmitiya could be freed after the indentured contract was over but they did not have enough money to return to India from abroad. The owners of that country used to take advantage of this and used to keep them like slaves. So with time the practice of indentured servitude also turned into slavery.
The efforts of Gandhiji and other great leaders of India like Sarojini Naidu, and Madan Mohan malaviya ended the indentured practice and the British government declared it illegal in 1917. But those who were living in foreign countries for many decades and for many generations mostly settled in those countries.
Fiji was also one of those countries where thousands of indentured servants were taken from India to cultivate sugarcane and later settled there. These indentured servants were mostly from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar provinces and had only knowledge of Hindi or its Apabhramsa language, due to which Hindi is still widely spoken in Fiji.
Conclusion
At present, Hindi has remained a language of literature. But whether it is the study of science or commerce or history, people are studying and doing research in these subjects mainly in English. It is a matter of misfortune that Hindi is not becoming the language of knowledge in India. Government, government offices, schools, and colleges are considering Hindi Day as a day just like a festival. For its development, the government is not making any concrete effort for its protection. As a result, the importance of Hindi is decreasing in India; Often people are seen working in English on Hindi Day and it is really a matter of misfortune for Hindi lovers.
Very informative
Hindi ke baare me aur likho
Nice
Good